FEMA Hazard Peril Breakdown by State

FEMA NRI publishes 18 separate peril ratings per state plus a composite. The states-by-peril matrix is more actionable than the composite — a "Relatively High" state where the top perils are coastal flooding + hurricane is a different planning task than one where the top peril is wildfire. Below we surface the top three high-severity perils per state.

Highest composite risk California Score 100.0 · Very High · 6 high-severity perils

Lowest composite risk Rhode Island Score 7.1 · Very Low

States with 4+ high-severity perils 25 multi-peril exposure pockets

States ranked by FEMA NRI composite score

#	State	NRI Score	Composite Rating	High-Severity Perils	Top Perils	Median Home
1	California	100.0	Very High	6	Earthquake (Very High), Flood (Very High), Wildfire (Very High)	$887,400
2	Texas	98.2	Relatively High	11	Tornado (Very High), Heat wave (Very High), Cold wave (Very High)	$356,100
3	Florida	96.4	Relatively High	8	Hurricane (Very High), Coastal flood (Very High), Strong wind (Very High)	$421,500
4	Illinois	94.6	Relatively High	7	Cold wave (Very High), Strong wind (Very High), Tornado (R-High)	$337,900
5	Washington	92.9	Relatively Moderate	3	Earthquake (R-High), Coastal flood (R-High), Wildfire (R-High)	$651,800
6	North Carolina	91.1	Relatively Moderate	7	Winter weather (Very High), Hurricane (R-High), Tornado (R-High)	$397,600
7	New York	89.3	Relatively Moderate	7	Winter weather (Very High), Flood (R-High), Coastal flood (R-High)	$620,500
8	Pennsylvania	87.5	Relatively Moderate	6	Winter weather (Very High), Flood (R-High), Heat wave (R-High)	$330,200
9	Missouri	85.7	Relatively Moderate	6	Heat wave (Very High), Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$297,500
10	Arizona	83.9	Relatively Moderate	3	Heat wave (Very High), Flood (R-High), Wildfire (R-High)	$453,800
11	Louisiana	82.1	Relatively Moderate	5	Hurricane (R-High), Tornado (R-High), Coastal flood (R-High)	$269,000
12	Georgia	80.4	Relatively Moderate	4	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High), Strong wind (R-High)	$389,000
13	New Jersey	78.6	Relatively Moderate	5	Coastal flood (Very High), Winter weather (Very High), Strong wind (Very High)	$579,900
14	Ohio	75.0	Relatively Moderate	6	Tornado (R-High), Flood (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$282,600
15	Tennessee	73.2	Relatively Moderate	6	Earthquake (R-High), Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$413,200
16	South Carolina	71.4	Relatively Moderate	3	Hurricane (R-High), Coastal flood (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$394,000
17	Michigan	69.6	Relatively Moderate	4	Winter weather (Very High), Strong wind (Very High), Tornado (R-High)	$297,900
18	Wisconsin	67.9	Relatively Moderate	4	Cold wave (Very High), Tornado (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$361,600
19	Minnesota	66.1	Relatively Moderate	4	Winter weather (Very High), Strong wind (Very High), Tornado (R-High)	$372,300
20	Oregon	64.3	Relatively Moderate	2	Earthquake (R-High), Wildfire (R-High)	$525,500
21	Alabama	62.5	Relatively Moderate	3	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High), Lightning (R-High)	$312,600
22	Indiana	60.7	Relatively Moderate	4	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$287,300
23	Kentucky	58.9	Relatively Moderate	4	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$284,400
24	Oklahoma	57.1	Relatively Moderate	6	Tornado (R-High), Heat wave (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$264,600
25	Colorado	55.4	Relatively Moderate	5	Winter weather (Very High), Lightning (Very High), Wildfire (R-High)	$617,000
26	Virginia	53.6	Relatively Low	4	Drought (R-High), Winter weather (R-High), Strong wind (R-High)	$499,300
27	Iowa	51.8	Relatively Low	5	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High), Drought (R-High)	$258,700
28	Kansas	50.0	Relatively Low	5	Winter weather (Very High), Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$316,300
29	Arkansas	48.2	Relatively Low	2	Tornado (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$275,500
30	Mississippi	46.4	Relatively Low	2	Tornado (R-High), Cold wave (R-High)	$284,300
31	Utah	44.6	Relatively Low	4	Earthquake (R-High), Wildfire (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$560,200
32	Massachusetts	42.9	Relatively Low	1	Coastal flood (R-High)	$688,100
33	Nevada	41.1	Relatively Low	2	Wildfire (R-High), Heat wave (R-High)	$481,200
34	Nebraska	39.3	Relatively Low	5	Tornado (R-High), Drought (R-High), Hail (R-High)	$319,100
35	Connecticut	37.5	Relatively Low	0	No high-severity perils	$498,000
36	Hawaii	35.7	Relatively Low	0	No high-severity perils	$741,300
37	Maryland	33.9	Relatively Low	1	Winter weather (R-High)	$477,300
38	West Virginia	32.1	Relatively Low	0	No high-severity perils	$265,200
39	New Mexico	30.4	Relatively Low	2	Wildfire (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$395,500
40	Alaska	28.6	Relatively Low	2	Earthquake (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$427,100
41	South Dakota	26.8	Relatively Low	2	Cold wave (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$346,600
42	Montana	25.0	Relatively Low	2	Winter weather (Very High), Cold wave (R-High)	$528,600
43	Idaho	23.2	Relatively Low	2	Wildfire (R-High), Winter weather (R-High)	$503,400
44	North Dakota	21.4	Very Low	2	Winter weather (Very High), Cold wave (R-High)	$311,200
45	New Hampshire	19.6	Very Low	0	No high-severity perils	$537,900
46	Maine	17.9	Very Low	1	Winter weather (R-High)	$439,200
47	Delaware	16.1	Very Low	0	No high-severity perils	$384,500
48	Wyoming	14.3	Very Low	0	No high-severity perils	$464,500
49	Vermont	8.9	Very Low	0	No high-severity perils	$448,400
50	Rhode Island	7.1	Very Low	0	No high-severity perils	$536,900

Method

NRI score = FEMA composite 0-100 across 18 perils, blending exposure, social vulnerability, and community resilience.
High-severity perils = perils rated "Very High" or "Relatively High" for the state. We list up to 3 ranked by severity.
Why this matters. Insurance carriers rate by peril, not composite. Coastal carriers have wind exclusions; wildfire-interface carriers exclude smoke; flood is its own line. The peril mix tells you which excess + endorsement lines you need.

Sources: FEMA National Risk Index, Redfin Data Center.